Which of the following is NOT listed as a genetic or physiological risk factor?

• A. Sunbathing
• B. Pregnant or overweight
• C. Diabetes mellitus
• D. Mental illness

Answer: (A)

Understanding risk factors involves distinguishing those that come from biology or genetics from those that come from behavior or lifestyle. Genetic or physiological risk factors are tied to a person’s biology—things like hormonal status, metabolic diseases, or inherited traits. Sunbathing, on the other hand, is a behavior—an exposure tendency—not a biological condition itself. The other options describe physiological states or diseases (pregnant or overweight reflects physiological status; diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease; mental illness has biological and neurological components). So, sunbathing is not listed as a genetic or physiological risk factor, making it the correct choice.